Zhizha rasvika, uye chinhu chinonyanya kuvhiringa munhu wese kuchengetedza chikafu. Maitiro ekuona kuti chikafu chitsva chave nyaya inonyanya kufarirwa mazuva ano. Saka tinofanira sei kuchengeta michero nemiriwo mitsva munguva yezhizha rinopisa kudaro? Tichitarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu aya, mumakore achangopfuura, tsvakurudzo yesainzi yakawana mushonga unoshanda we ethylene action -1-MCP. 1-MCP inhibitor haisi chete isina chepfu, isingakuvadzi, isina marara, uye isingakuvadzi nharaunda, asiwo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuchengetedza michero, miriwo, nemaruva. Pazasi, tichataura nezvezvinhu chaizvo zvechigadzirwa che1-MCP.
Chii chinonzi 1-MCP?
1-MCP, inozivikanwawo se1-Methylcycloprotene,CAS 3100-04-7. 1-MCP mushonga unoshanda we ethylene inhibitor unogona kudzivirira kupararira kwezviitiko zvemuviri uye zvemakemikari zvine chekuita nekuibva kwemichero kunokonzerwa ne ethylene, kudzivirira simba rekufema kwezvirimwa, kunonoka kuibva kwemichero uye kufambira mberi kwekukwegura, kuchengetedza chitarisiko chepakutanga uye mhando yemichero nemiriwo kwenguva yakareba, kuderedza kubuda kwemvura, kuderedza kukuvara kwezvirwere uye kuora kwehutachiona, Kuchengetedza mhando yekuchengetwa kwemichero. Uye 1-MCP haina chepfu uye haina masara, inosangana nezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuchengetedza mavhidhiyo enyika, uye inogona kushandiswa nechivimbo.
Tsanangudzo ye1-MCP
| CAS | 3100-04-7 | |
| Zita | ||
| Zita rinoenderana | 1-Methylcyclopropene, 1-MCP;Methylcyclopropen; 1-Methylcyclopropen (1-MCP); Kuchengeta michero mitsva1-methylecyclopropene | |
| MF | ||
| Chinhu | Zvakajairika
| Mhedzisiro |
| Chitarisiko | Upfu hunenge huchena | Anokodzera |
| Kuyedza (%) | ≥3.3 | 3.6 |
| Kuchena (%) | ≥98 | 99.9 |
| Kusachena | Hapana tsvina huru | Hapana tsvina huru |
| Hunyoro (%) | ≤10.0 | 5.2 |
| Dota (%) | ≤2.0 | 0.2 |
| Mvura inonyunguduka | 1g yemuenzaniso yakanyungudutswa zvachose mu100g yemvura | Yakanyungudutswa zvizere |
Kushandiswa kwe1-MCP
1-MCP isati yashandiswa, nzira dzakawanda dzekuchengetedza nekuchengetedza dzakashandiswa: 1. kutonhora nekupisa kwakaderera, 2. kuchengetedza mhepo inotonhorera, uye 3. kurapa kupisa, chiedza, uye microwave. Zvisinei, nzira idzi nhatu dzinoda vanhu vakawanda nezviwanikwa, uye nguva yacho yakareba uye pfupi. Tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti 1-MCP inogona kukwikwidzana zvinobudirira kuti ibatane ne ethylene receptors, zvichiita kuti michero inonoka kuibva uye kukwegura. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo husina chepfu, kushandiswa kushoma, kushanda zvakanaka, uye hunhu hwayo hwakagadzikana hwemakemikari, parizvino inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuchengetedza michero nemiriwo, ine mwero wepamusoro wekushandiswa pamusika uye kukwidziridzwa.
1-MCP haingodziviriri kana kunonotsa kukwegura kwemuviri mumiti chete, asiwo ine chepfu shoma. LD50>5000mg/kg chinhu chisina chepfu; huwandu hunoshandiswa hwakaderera zvikuru, uye pakugadzira michero, miriwo, nemaruva, huwandu huri mumhepo hunofanira kuva chikamu chimwe chete chemiriyoni, saka huwandu hwasara mumichero, miriwo, nemaruva mushure mekushandisa hwakaderera zvekuti hahugone kuonekwa; 1-MCP yakapasawo kuongororwa kweUS Environmental Protection Agency (EPA website announcement) uye inoonekwa seyakachengeteka uye isina chepfu, yakakodzera kushandiswa mumaruva, michero nemiriwo, uye yakachengeteka kuvanhu, mhuka, nenharaunda. Hapana chikonzero chekuisa zvirambidzo zvemuyero panguva yekushandisa.
Ndeipi tarisiro yemusika we1-MCP?
Kune nyika dzekurima, huwandu hwakawanda hwemichero mitsva nemiriwo zvinogadzirwa gore rega rega. Nekuda kwekusakura kwakakwana kwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinotonhora zvezvirimwa, michero nemiriwo inosvika 85% inoshandisa zvinhu zvakajairika, zvichikonzera kuora nekurasikirwa kukuru. Izvi zvinopa nzvimbo yakakura yemusika yekukurudzira nekushandisa 1-methylcyclopropene. Mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa inoratidza kuti 1-methylcyclopropene inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kupfava nekuora kwemichero nemiriwo, uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwayo hwesherufu uye nguva yekuichengeta. Izvi zvinopedzisa kuiswa kwe1-MCPKana muchida kuziva zvakawanda nezvechigadzirwa ichi, ndapota nditumirei meseji.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-01-2023