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Ⅰ. Ruzivo Rwekutanga

Didecyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride, inonzi DDAC, ine nhamba yeCAS 7173-51-5, imhando yepamusoro yemhando yechitatu ye double-chain ammonium cationic surfactant uye chinhu chakakosha chemakemikari chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yekuuraya utachiona, kurwisa ngura uye yekurapa mvura.

Kusiyana nezvigadzirwa zvechinyakare zve quaternary ammonium zvechinyakare, DDAC ine chimiro chakasimba chemolecular, hunhu hwakapfava hwemuviri uye hwemakemikari uye kushanda kwakanaka kwazvo, ichitora chinzvimbo chakakosha mumusika wezvinhu zvegreen chemical raw. Mukutengeserana kwemusika mukuru uye kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, DDAC inowanzo tsanangurwa se 80% yemvura ine huwandu hwezvinhu. Iyi standard DDAC ine huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvinoshanda, hunhu hwakasimba hwemakemikari uye kushandiswa kuri nyore, iyo inogona kuchinjika zvakananga kune akawanda maindasitiri ekuuraya hutachiona, kurapwa nemvura uye kudzivirira ngura, uye ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa yeDDAC. Kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana uye zvakanatswa zvemaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, DDAC inotsigira kugadzirwa kwakagadzirirwa kwe50% yehuwandu hwezvinhu.

Iyo50% zviri mukati DDACine simba riri nani rekunyungudika kwemvura uye kunyungudika kwayo, iyo yakakodzera kuuraya utachiona husina simba, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kushandiswa kwenguva refu, zvichidzivirira marara ezvinhu zvisina kucheneswa uye kuderedza kushanda kwayo kunokonzerwa nekunyanya kunyungudika. Patembiricha yemumba, DDAC inoita semvura isina ruvara kusvika yero yakajeka isina hwema hunorwadza, inonyungudika zvakanaka mumvura uye inogara kwenguva refu. DDAC haichinji uye haiboreki kana yagara ichichengetwa, ine kuchengetedzeka kwakanyanya uye kugadzikana.

Pamusoro pezvo, DDAC haina simbi dzinorema uye haina chepfu inosara mushure mekushandiswa. Hunhu hwayo husingakuvadzi nharaunda uye husina kabhoni yakawanda hunoenderana zvizere nepfungwa dzekugadzira girini pasi rose uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kwakachena, zvichiisa hwaro hwakasimba hwekushandiswa kukuru uye kwakajairika kweDDAC muminda yakasiyana-siyana.

Ⅱ. Mabasa Epakati

DDACInobatanidza mabasa akawanda epakati akadai sekubvisa mabhakitiriya akawanda, kubvisa mabhakitiriya kwenguva refu, kubvisa biofilm, kudzivirira mildew uye kugadzirisa pamusoro, uye zvakanakira mashandiro ayo akawanda zvinoita kuti DDAC ive chinhu chinoshanda mabasa akawanda chisingagone kutsiviwa muminda yemaindasitiri neyevanhu.

Chekutanga, DDAC ine kugona kukuru kwekuuraya utachiona nekuuraya utachiona. Inogona kuuraya nekudzivisa mabhakitiriya ane gram-positive, mabhakitiriya ane gram-negative, fungi, algae nemavhairasi akasiyana-siyana akaputirwa. Maumbirwo akasiyana eDDAC ane chain mbiri anogona kukurumidza kunyura pamusoro pe microbial cell membranes, kuparadza maumbirwo e cell membranes, kudzivirira metabolism ye microbial uye kubereka, uye kushanda kwayo kwe sterilization kwakanyanya kupfuura zvigadzirwa zvechinyakare zve single-chain quaternary ammonium.

Mumamiriro ekurapa mvura mumaindasitiri, DDAC inogona kubvisa mabhakitiriya eLegionella, anoderedza sulfate nezvimwe zvipembenene zvinokuvadza mumvura inoyerera uye inotonhorera. Sisitimu iyi ine 20ppm DDAC inogona kuwana chiyero chekuvhiya chinopfuura 99.99% uye kuchengetedza mhedzisiro inoenderera mberi yemaawa makumi mana nemasere. Panguva imwecheteyo, 50ppm DDAC inogona kubvisa biofilm zvakanaka pamadziro emukati memapombi emaindasitiri, ichideredza ukobvu hwebiofilm ne92% uye kugadzirisa matambudziko akajairika emaindasitiri ekuwedzera kwemabhakitiriya uye kuvharika kwetsvina yemapombi.

Chechipiri, DDAC ine hunhu hwakanaka hwekudzivirira ngura uye hunodzivirira kuora. Inogona kutsiva mishonga yechinyakare ine arsenic yakawanda uye ine chromium inodzivirira ngura. DDAC inogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya pakurapa matanda, machira uye pulp, ichidzivirira kuparadzwa kwemabhakitiriya emould uye kuora uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa rezvinhu, ichisangana nezvinodiwa zvepasi rose zvekuchengetedza nharaunda zvakaita seEU EN 350.

Pamusoro pezvo, DDAC ine kushanda kwakanaka pamusoro, kupfava uye hunhu hwekusamira zvakanaka. DDAC inogona kunamirwa pamusoro pemafibers ne resin zvinhu kuderedza friction coefficient uye static accumulation, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya se softener uye antistatic agent muindasitiri yemachira akareruka.

Uyezve, DDAC ine hukama hwakasimba, hunogona kuwedzerwa nerubatsiro rwakasiyana-siyana rusiri rweionic uye rwecationic kuti ivandudze hutachiona uye mhedzisiro yekurwisa ngura. Sisitimu yeDDAC ine mashandiro akagadzikana pasina kucheka kana kukundikana, zvichiwedzera kuwedzera kushanda kweDDAC.

Ⅲ. Tarisiro dzeKushandisa

Nekuvandudzwa kuri kuitwa mitemo yekudzivirira nharaunda pasi rose, kuvandudzwa kwehurongwa hwehutano hwevanhu uye kugadziriswa kwekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, kudiwa kwemusika kwezvinhu zvinoshanda zvakanyanya, zvisina chepfu shoma uye zvine hushamwari kune nharaunda uye zvinodzivirira ngura kuri kuramba kuchikura. Sechigadzirwa che quaternary ammonium chakajairika uye chinoshanda zvakanaka,DDACine mikana yakakura kwazvo yekushandisa pamusika.

Munzvimbo yekurapa mvura mumaindasitiri, DDAC inoshanda senzira huru yekuuraya mabhakitiriya uye algae inotenderera mvura, yekurapa mvura ye reverse osmosis uye yekuisa mvura mu oilfield reinjection systems. DDAC inogona kuchenesa mvura, kudzivirira kukura kwehutachiona, kuchengetedza michina yemapombi emaindasitiri, kuderedza ngura yemidziyo, mari yekushandisa nekugadzirisa, uye nzvimbo iyi yave ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa muDDAC.

Munyaya yekuuraya utachiona muhutano hwevanhu, DDAC yakakodzera kuuraya utachiona zuva nezuva munzvimbo dzinotonhora, masisitimu emhepo inotonhodza, mota dzeveruzhinji, zvishandiso zvekurapa uye nzvimbo dzekugadzira chikafu. DDAC ine mukana wakanaka wekuchinjika pakupisa kwakaderera, uye mashandiro ayo ekuuraya utachiona anoramba akagadzikana mumamiriro ekupisa kwakaderera, ichizadzisa zvizere zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedzwa kwehutano hwevanhu.

Muminda yekurima, yemasango neyekuvaka, DDAC inogona kushandiswa kurapa mbeu dzezvirimwa dzisati dzatanga kudzivirira zvirwere zvefungus zvinotapukira muvhu uye kuwedzera kumera kwezvirimwa uye huwandu hwekurarama. Panguva iyi,DDACinogona kutsiva zvinhu zvechinyakare zvinosvibisa zvakanyanya sezvinhu zvinodzivirira ngura uye zvinodzivirira kuora kwevhudzi pamatanda, zvinhu zvebamboo uye machira, zvichisimudzira kuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yezvinhu zvekuvaka.

Muindasitiri yemachira asina kusimba, achishandisa simba rekunyorovesa, rinodzivirira static uye rinodzivirira zvipfukuto, DDAC inoshandiswa pakupedzisa machira kunatsiridza kunzwa kwemachira, kuderedza kunyungudika kwestatic uye kukuvara kwezvipfukuto, uye kuwedzera kunaka kwechigadzirwa.

Mukurima hove, DDAC inogona kuuraya utachiona mumazai ehove nenzvimbo dzemvura dzinochengetwa hove, zvichidzivirira zvirwere zvemumvura zvakaita se saprolegniasis uye kugadzirisa nharaunda yekurima hove. Parizvino, maindasitiri akasiyana-siyana akaisa zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvekuchengetedza, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye mhedzisiro yenguva refu yemishonga inouraya hove, uye zvinhu zvechinyakare zvine chepfu yakawanda uye zvinosara zvakawanda zvinobviswa zvishoma nezvishoma.

Zvakanakira zveDDAC zvakaita sekushaya chepfu, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kushanda zvakanaka uye kuchinjika kuri kuwedzera. 80% yeDDAC inosangana nezvinodiwa zvemaindasitiri zvakanyanya, uye 50% yeDDAC yakagadzirirwa inoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu ehurumende uye asina kusimba. Sisitimu yeDDAC inofukidza zvizere zvinodiwa pamusika. Mune ramangwana, nekuvandudzwa kuri kuitwa simba idzva, zvinhu zvitsva uye maindasitiri ehutano hweveruzhinji, mamiriro ekushandisa eDDAC achawedzerwa, uye kupinda mumusika kucharamba kuchiwedzera.

Ⅳ. Mhedziso

Mukupedzisa,Didecyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride (DDAC)inomiririra musimboti wetekinoroji yemazuva ano yekuuraya utachiona. Kuburikidza nehuwandu hwayo huviri hwakajairwa (80% ne50%), DDAC inopa mukana wekushanda nemaindasitiri akawanda uye utsanana hwakananga. Nzira yakasiyana yeDDAC yekuparadza membrane inoita kuti pave nekubvisa utachiona hwakavimbika pasina kuvimba nemakemikari anoparadza. Sezvo mitemo yehutano hweveruzhinji ichiramba ichikwira pasi rose, basa reDDAC richangova chinhu chikuru mukuchengetedzwa kwechikafu, kurapwa nemvura, uye hutsanana hwenzvimbo. Vagadziri nenyanzvi dzehutsanana vari kuramba vachiwana mashandisirwo matsva eDDAC, vachisimbisa chinzvimbo chayo sechigadzirwa chemakemikari chisingakoshi mune ramangwana.